Research Report on Job Satisfaction of the Employees: A Case Study of Woolworths Limited

In the research methodology the primary data are used collecting the data through a interview method. The questions of the interview method are both open and close ended depending on the attitude of the workers towards a working environment, the salary payment, job satisfaction and welfare facilities provided by the company to the employees (OH, 2014). A structure of questionnaire is formed to collect the data and distributed among the 50 employees of Woolworths Limited, Australia in different retail sections. Three types of measurements are chosen to build the objective as well as subjective based questions to collect the proper information valid for the research study regarding the satisfaction of the employees. These three types are – Administrative questions, Classification questions and Target questions. Then different statistical tools and methods are used to conclude and analyze the collected data (Peskin, 2010).

Job satisfaction is a psychological factor of a worker and this comes after the fulfillment of the objectives of the employees showing the efficiency and the maximum effectiveness. At the end of the day the payment is the key factor of the job satisfaction compared to the other factors like bonus, canteen facilities, working conditions etc (Aloysius, 2015). So in this research work the job satisfaction of the employees affecting the loyalty of the employees towards the Woolworths Limited in retail industry is discussed. The previous researches in this topic are discussed in the research background. The whole research will dynamically establish that the employees are the main factors in providing the competitive advantage to the company in retail industry.

 

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Research Background

The market environment in retail industry is very much competitive in present days. According to Aloysius (2015) it is very much essential for the retail companies to form a perfect marketing strategy, upgrade the service quality and strengthen the retail operations for the survival in the market and to rise and maintain the margin of profitability. The retail business of Woolworths Limited can be segregated into two levels. One is in national level (in Australia) and other is international level. The company tries to provide same type of product and services in both the international and the national levels (Candan, 2013). The Woolworths always welcome common people to invest in their company both in national and international level. There is a high potential prospect in the growth of the retail industry in Australia and this growth in the retail industry faces a high turnover rate of the employment in the company.

The company is successful to achieve the satisfaction of the employee providing higher salaries to the employees, building strong reputation in the market and offering benefit-in-kind to the employees on the basis of their annual performance (Kumar, 2011). Besides these, the company provides training cells to its new employees as a trainee and gives job guarantee under some condition after the completion of the training period.

So it is clear from the analysis of the research background is that the profit margin and the further growth of the company depends on loyalty of the employee that can be achieved from the job satisfaction to the employee in spite of a high rate of turnover of employee and other business related issues. There are some other matters which should be taken in the consideration of the research are the productivity of the employee and the internal quality of life of the employee (Branham, 2009).

Literature Review

In the literature review we are going to provide an analytical overview on the previous literatures which are published on job satisfaction of the employees. We can also analyze different research papers published on Woolworths Limited and other retail companies not only I Australia but also across the world. The topic, job satisfaction of the employees is pretty much familiar to the audience of this paper. So, in this paper it is going to be demonstrated that the expertise and the intelligence the familiarity and some loopholes of the previous papers on this topic.

In the present days it is very much important to consider the employee loyalty so that the quality and the productivity of the company can be improvised. Under this circumstance many companies are trying to increase the loyalty of the employee by using the factors like, individual values, educational process and the emotional factors (Alshitri, 2013). According to Card (2010) a key role can be played by the compensation factor to the employees because this factor is in the heart in the relationship between the employees and the employers. The psychological contract between the employees and the employer is affected because of the changes in the structure of the company which creates a decline in the job security of the employees. The research work of MARTIN and ROMAN (2009) explains that the mood and the attitudes of the workers towards the job are affected by the quality of the working environment.

Not only on the retail sector but also in the small and manufacturing sector there are various researches on the job satisfaction of the employees. In the words of (Cook, 2014) the measurement of the satisfaction of the employees, analyzing the critical factors to determine the employee satisfaction and measurement of the effect on the evaluation of the satisfaction of the employees were the basic objectives of the research work. Finally the research work concluded the positive relationship between the satisfactions of the employee and the loyalty of the employee. So the payment to the employee, the provision of benefits to the employee is able to increase the employee loyalty (OH, 2014).

Research Objective

In the literature review it is clear that there are some gaps in the previous researches under the topic of job satisfaction of the employees. The main objective of this research paper is to identify and fill up the gaps properly under any circumstances. In addition to the main objective of this research work there are some specific objectives of this research work (Creswell, 2013). The specific objectives are discussed below –

i.                    To focus on the relationship between the jobs satisfaction of the employees and the rewards and compensations provided to the employees.

ii.                  To give attention on the relationship between the employees loyalty and the development of the career of the employees.

iii.                To depict the positive or negative relationship between the dependent and the independent variables of the analysis.

iv.                To find out how the job security affects the loyalty of the employees.

v.                  To describe the positive effect of the working environment on the job satisfaction of the employees.

Research Questions

The research objectives have been developed based on the analysis of the literature review on the research topic. In order to achieve the objective of the research some basic questions have to be developed as a structure and these questions should be followed by the researcher (Denk, 2010). The research questions under these circumstances are -

1.      What is the relationship between the job satisfaction of the employees in the retail industry and the compensations and benefits provided to the employees of the retail companies?

2.      How does the researcher give the attention on the relationship between the employees’ loyalty to the company and the development of the careers of the employees?

3.      How does the researcher depict the positive or negative relationship between the independent and the dependent variables of the analysis?

4.      How do the job securities of the employees affect the loyalty of the employees?

5.      What is the effect of the working environment on the job satisfaction of the employees?

Hypothesis Development of the study

The hypothesis development of the study is based on the framework of the study in this research. The null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis is developed between the independent and the dependent variables. These hypotheses show the relationship among the variables. According to Preser (2014) certain facts or phenomena are explained using the hypotheses which are unproven supposition or proposition. The population parameter is the main concern of the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis states that the parameter and the statistic have no difference after the comparison (Zopiatis et al, 2014). The alternative hypothesis provides the opposite statement logically in the given contrast (Raykov, 2014). To study the job satisfaction of the employees total five hypotheses are formulated and discussed in the given circumstances.

 

Research Methodology

The method and procedure of data collection for the achievement of the aims and objective of the study is going to be analyzed in this topic. This topic compiles the following points – design of the research, data collection methods, design of the sampling, instrument of the research, measurement of the constructs and data processing as well as analysis (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2012).

1.      Research Design

The research methods and the procedures for collecting and analysis of the data are planned in research design. In the words of Creswell (2013) the casual research is designed to identify and model the cause and effect relationship here and to collect the primary data from the field. The researcher has determined the independent variables, compensations and benefits, job security, development of career and the working environment and the dependent variable, job satisfaction of the employee in retail industry. This relationship may be positive or negative.

2.      Data Collection

Accurate data collection is very much important which can lead to a valid result of the research. The primary or secondary data may be of two types - qualitative or quantitative. There are various methods of statistics to interpret the raw data and get the information from this data. Primary data is collected directly as the first hand experience. Primary data is reliable and but authentic too. In our research work primary data is taken into consideration because it has a greater validity than the secondary data (Candan, 2013).

3.      Sampling

Sampling is the procedure to collect the data set from the population data set on the basis of probability (Azeem, 2010). Non - probability Sampling is chosen by the researcher of the research work here and chooses 50 employees. The whole population base is very much large and so it is very much difficult to continue the research work. So in this research work the targeted population is the 50 employees working in the Woolworths Limited.

There are two types of sampling techniques. These are – Probability Sampling and Non-probability sampling. In the technique of the probability sampling all the member of the sample are known and the probability of selection is non-zero. But in non-zero probability sampling the chosen member in the sample size from the population is unknown. The technique of the non-probability sampling is convenience sampling in the sense that the availability of the obtained people is very much convenient (MARTIN and ROMAN, 2009). In this procedure all the completed questionnaires are collected so much quickly and economically.

4.      Research Instruments

At first the questionnaires used for the primary data collection is very much self-administrated. It is showing more manner and sincerity to the respondents when the paper made questionnaires are distributed. Then there are several steps and performances that are required to get the proper data to analyze from the raw data collected. Initially a Pilot test is run on the raw data collected from the field. This pilot test results into facilitation of the researcher for the big scale of the study which is going to be conducted further.

5.      Data Analysis

50 questionnaires are distributed among the 50 employees of the company and the complied data is analyzed using the Statistical Software. The description and the inference regarding the factor, job satisfaction of the employees and its effect in the retail industry is analyzed here in this research work.

 The descriptive statistics is used initially to gather the basic features of the data provided in the study using the quantitative analysis of the data. The variability and the central tendency are measured of the given data set. Then the Multiple Regression Model is used to analyze the following data. In the multiple regression analysis, the effect of more than one independent variable is going to be analyzed on one and only dependent variable (Wu, 2013). In this analysis multiple independent variables are going to be considered in a single regression equation. There may be a relationship among the independent variables and for that a separate regression equation is considered to show the effects of the independent variables on each other. In the multiple regression analysis we will get some independent variables, represented by Xis, a dependent variable represented by Y, some partial regression coefficients, represented by bis and a independent coefficient, represented by a. the partial regression coefficients represent the change in dependent variable due to one unit change in that particular independent variable (Levine, 2012).

Research Findings and Analysis

In this research 50 questionnaires are analyzed and interpreted on the basis of the collected data. Before the quantitative analysis of this data the data must be transformed, edited and coded. The obtained result is divided into several parts for the analysis. The parts are – demographic analysis, reliability test and multiple regressions. The age, gender, race, status, education level, job designation, work experience and nationality are included under the demographic analysis (Wu, 2013). The relevance of the statements is analyzed under the reliability test. Then the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable is established in the multiple regression models. In this way the whole findings of the research work is analyzed in a proper way.

Conclusion

The opportunity of future research on the field of job satisfaction of the employees in the retail industry is going to be sighted. The study of employee satisfaction and its effect towards the future of the company in the particular industry is understood in this research analysis. A further examination and some additional researches should be done in future for the several limitations present in the research work (Azeem, 2010). There are some popular factors in this research work. These are – development of career, security of job, rewards and compensations and the environment in the workplace and these factors are influencing the job satisfaction of the employees in the retail industry. According to Peskin (2010) the most important factor which influences the job satisfaction of the employees is the job security of the employees in the retail industry according to value of the partial regression coefficient in the particular Multiple Regression Model. The implication and the limitation of the study are also highlighted in this study. So there is a recommendation of continuous improvement for future research of this study.

 

 

 

References

Books

Branham, L. (2009). The 7 hidden reasons employees leave. New York: American Management Association.

Card, D. (2010). Inequality at work. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research.

Cook, S. (2014). The essential guide to employee engagement. London: Kogan Page.

Creswell, J. (2013). Research design. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.

Levine, D. (2012). Reinventing the workplace. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.

Peskin, D. (2010). The doomsday job. [New York]: AMACOM.

Wu, C. (2013). The relationship between organizational culture and job satisfaction of employees in park and recreation departments.

Journals

Aloysius, S. (2015). The Moderating Effect of Employees’ Growth Need Strength on the Relationship between Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction. SSRN Journal.

Alshitri, K. (2013). An Investigation of Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction among R&D Center Employees in Saudi Arabia. The Journal of Human Resources Management Research, pp.1-10.

Azeem, S. (2010). Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment among Employees in the Sultanate of Oman. Psychology, 01(04), pp.295-299.

Candan, H. (2013). A Research towards Determination of Job Satisfaction Level of Public Employees: Karaman Governorship Sampl. Journal of Human Resource Management, 1(2), p.29.

Kumar, C. (2011). Job Stress and Job Satisfaction of IT Companies' Employees. Management and Labour Studies, 36(1), pp.61-72.

MARTIN, J. and ROMAN, P. (2009). Job Satisfaction, Job Reward Characteristics, and Employees' Problem Drinking Behaviors. Work and Occupations, 23(1), pp.4-25.

OH, H. (2014). Study on the Employees' Job Stress and Job Satisfaction in Seoul Jongno Area Jewelry Manufacturing Business. ksaf, 16, p.211.

Raykov, M. (2014). Employer Support for Innovative Work and Employees^|^apos; Job Satisfaction and Job-related Stress. Journal of Occupational Health, 56(4), pp.244-251.

Zopiatis, A., Constanti, P. and Theocharous, A. (2014). Job involvement, commitment, satisfaction and turnover: Evidence from hotel employees in Cyprus. Tourism Management, 41, pp.129-140.

Denk, T. (2010). Comparative multilevel analysis: proposal for a methodology. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 13(1), pp.29-39.

International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory & Practice. (2012). International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 15(6), p.ebi-ebi.

Preser, R. (2014). A methodology of damage. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, pp.1-14.

 

 

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